Financial Calculation Summary • Tax
Federal Income Tax Calculator
Calculate federal income tax liability.
Prepared on
For informational & planning purposes
Federal Income Tax Calculator
Calculate federal income tax liability.
- federal tax
- income tax
- IRS
- tax brackets
Traditional 401(k), HSA, Section 125 health premiums.
Uses greater of 2026 Standard Deduction or Itemized Deductions.
12.1% effective on gross
2026 Std Ded: $16,100
Taxable: $78,900
Key Takeaway: After-Tax Take-Home makes up 82.9% ($82,930) of the $100,000 total, compared to 12.1% ($12,070) for Federal Income Tax.
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Guide
How to read this calculator
- 1Save your calculations by bookmarking this page with your inputs in the URL.
- 2Try different scenarios to understand how changes affect your results.
- 3Share this calculator with friends or family who might find it useful.
- 4Use the results as a starting point for conversations with financial advisors.
- 5Bookmark this page and revisit quarterly to track your progress toward goals.
Federal income tax on ordinary income is the sum of each slice of taxable income times that bracket’s rate. Taxable income here is gross income minus the pre-tax deductions you enter minus the standard deduction stored in the calculator. The top bracket you touch is your marginal rate. Tax divided by gross income is your effective rate.
Step-by-Step Instructions
Enter gross income and choose single or married filing jointly.
Enter pre-tax deductions such as a 401(k). The calculator subtracts those, then the standard deduction, before it applies the brackets.
Read the tax, the marginal rate, and the effective rate. The effective rate is lower than the marginal rate because earlier dollars are taxed in lower brackets.
When estimating tax liability and planning.
- •Taxpayers
- •Tax preparers
- •Financial planners
Marginal rate is the rate on the next dollar. Effective rate is tax divided by gross income.
What Each Result Means
Tax liability
Ordinary tax from the brackets after the standard deduction.
Interpretation: This is not the refund or the amount due. Withholding and credits change what you pay at filing.
Marginal rate
The bracket your last dollar of taxable income falls in.
Interpretation: A deduction saves tax at this rate. It does not reduce every dollar of income at this rate.
What to Do With Your Results
Value the deduction at the marginal rate, not the effective rate.
- • The brackets and standard deduction are the ones coded in this calculator and labeled there as a 2025-style estimate. Confirm they match the tax year you are filing.
- • Credits, itemized deductions, capital gains, self-employment tax, and the alternative minimum tax are not in this estimate.
- • This is not tax advice and it does not prepare a return.
Scenario
Gross income $100,000, pre-tax deductions $5,000, single filer. Standard deduction in this calculator is $15,750. Taxable income = 100,000 − 5,000 − 15,750 = $79,250. Brackets used by the calculator: 10% to $11,925, 12% to $48,475, 22% to $103,350.
Outcome
Tax = 11,925 × 0.10 + (48,475 − 11,925) × 0.12 + (79,250 − 48,475) × 0.22 = $1,192.50 + $4,386.00 + $6,770.50 = $12,349. Marginal rate is 22%. Effective rate on gross income is 12,349 / 100,000 = 12.3%.
Still have questions? Check our financial glossary for definitions or explore our learning resources.